Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common form of arthritis that affects millions of people worldwide. It is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects the cartilage, the smooth tissue that covers the ends of bones and allows them to move smoothly against each other.
As cartilage breaks down, the bones may rub against each other, causing pain, swelling, and stiffness. Over time, this can lead to further damage to the joint, including the formation of bone spurs and a loss of mobility.
Risk factors for OA include age, obesity, joint injuries, and genetic factors. It is most common in older adults, but can also affect younger people who have had joint injuries or other underlying health conditions.
There is currently no cure for OA, but there are several treatments available that can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. These may include:
- Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help relieve pain and reduce inflammation.
- Physical therapy: This can help improve joint mobility, strengthen muscles, and reduce pain.
- Assistive devices: Using devices like braces or orthotics can help support joints and reduce stress on them.
- Lifestyle changes: Losing weight, eating a healthy diet, and exercising regularly can all help reduce the risk of OA and improve symptoms.
In severe cases, surgery may be recommended to repair or replace damaged joints.
If you suspect you may have OA, it is important to see a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. With proper management, it is possible to live a full and active life with OA.